CACTHAUS

Cairo University, Faculty of Engineering Architecture Department.

Project idea

The Cacthaus project reimagines desert habitation by taking inspiration from the adaptive features of desert cacti, applying them to architectural design for a sustainable micro-oasis habitat in Farafra Oasis, Egypt. The concept is rooted in biomimicry—drawing from the cactus’s ability to regulate temperature, expand with water storage, and shield itself from harsh desert conditions. The project addresses the critical challenge of creating comfortable living environments in arid climates while promoting resource-efficient construction.

Project description

CACTHAUS offers a geometric, climate-responsive architectural solution designed specifically for Farafra’s extreme desert environment. The structure is generated through a modular parametric system, resulting in a bio-inspired form that maximizes thermal comfort and environmental integration. The design consists of a truss-based shell covered in burr-like units, simulating the cactus surface to enhance solar shading and airflow. The project aims to develop a functional and sustainable habitat that can adapt to climate challenges and reflect local context, both environmentally and culturally.

Technical information

The structure is formed using modular steel pipes shaped by splines and joined with nodes to build the supporting geometry. The shell includes layers such as a thermal insulation core, reflective coating, and cactus-inspired burrs for radiation control. Analytical simulations—wind flow, wind speed, thermal comfort, radiation exposure, and load capacity—were conducted to optimize performance. The units feature hydrogel capsules to store and release moisture, simulating cactus hydration mechanisms. Designed for prefabrication and easy on-site assembly, Cacthaus demonstrates a fusion of digital design tools with passive environmental strategies.